A couple of weeks ago, I wrote a short introduction to Stratford upon Avon and the language of William Shakespeare – the most famous person born in Stratford. The article also said that many words and phrases that we still use in modern English first appeared in writing when Shakespeare used them in his plays and poems.

This article contains eight phrases from Shakespeare’s plays. There are three challenges for you.

• The first is: Can you spot all eight phrases?
• The second is: What do they mean? (Tip: They are all listed as idioms in the Cambridge Dictionary.)
• The third challenge is more literary: Which of Shakespeare’s plays does each phrase come from?

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A very, very short biography of William Shakespeare

What do we know about the most famous writer in English history? William Shakespeare was born in Stratford upon Avon on 23 April 1564. He was married to Anne Hathaway and had 3 children. Although William worked as an actor, writer and theatre manager in London, his family never left Stratford. He wrote or collaborated on 38 plays and also wrote 154 sonnets and other long poems. He retired from acting around 1613 and moved back to Stratford.

In 1623, Shakespeare’s colleagues John Heminges and Henry Condell collected many of the plays collected into a book called the First Folio.

However, by this time, William was as dead as a doornail.  He died on his fifty-second birthday in 1616. Nobody knows for sure why he died so young. There are many theories including murder most foul.

A quick tour of Stratford upon Avon

Shakespeare’s Birthplace

There are many places in Stratford upon Avon connected to William Shakespeare.

This is his birthplace (we saw this word in the first article).

 

 

 

After the Shakespeare family moved out, the house became a pub called The Swan Maidenhead. By the nineteenth century, the building had seen better days.

When the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust bought it in 1856 it was a sorry sight. They renovated and opened it; so, Shakespeare’s Birthplace has been a tourist attraction for more than 150 years.

New Place

From 1597 to 1616, the Shakespeare family lived in a large house called New Place. It was right in the centre of Stratford.

Here’s a photo of it from about 100 years ago and another from this year.

 

 

 

 

 

 

If you are thinking: what house? then you are right. New Place was demolished in 1759. It’s a strange story.

Even in the seventeen hundreds, tourists came to Stratford. They would knock on the door of New Place and ask for a tour of Shakespeare’s house. When it was one tourist a week, the owner of the house was happy to give tours. When it became several tourists every day, he was in a pickle.

He asked the local government for money to pay a tour guide but they sent him packing. He went back and said that if they didn’t give him any money he would demolish the house. The men of the local government wouldn’t budge an inch.

That’s why tourists visit a house that doesn’t exist anymore.

The Shakespeare Memorial Theatre

This is the home of the Royal Shakespeare Company. The first theatre was built in 1885. Notice it has a tower.

In 1926, there was a huge fire.

Here’s what the theatre looked like when it reopened in 1932. There was no tower this time.

When the theatre was renovated at the start of this century the design came full circle. Today, you can go to the top of the tower and look out at the countryside around Stratford.

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Did you spot any of the eight phrases included in the tour? Put your answers in the comments at the bottom of the page.

Don’t forget, they are all used as idioms in modern English. Try and find them in the dictionary.

If you want to find which plays the phrases come from, use the Shakespeare’s Words website.

On Friday, I’ll give the answers and suggest some modern ways of using the phrases.

by Barney

All the historic photographs in this article are from the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust Collection.

The text of part 1 of this article contained four words that, according to scholars, were invented by Shakespeare. Did you spot any of them? Don’t worry, here are the answers.

 

1. Stratford is famous because it is the birthplace of the writer William Shakespeare.

birthplace comes from Shakespeare’s play Coriolanus.

In Act 4, Scene 4, Coriolanus says this about Rome:

My birthplace hate I, and my love’s upon

This enemy town.

 

2. This year there have been countless festivals and events in Stratford and around the world to commemorate this date.

Shakespeare used countless several times. Here’s an example from Pericles Act 1 Scene 1:

… But O you powers

That give heaven countless eyes to view men’s acts,

 

3. Many people also wanted to see a performance of one of Shakespeare’s plays. However, they thought that they would be perplexed by the language. They were worried that they would not understand.

perplexed appears in lots of Shakespeare’s plays. In King John Act 3 Scene 1, King Philip of France says:

I am perplexed, and know not what to say.

 

4. However, the students worries were usually baseless.

Prospero uses baseless in his famous speech near the end of The Tempest (Act 4 Scene 1):

Our revels now are ended. These our actors,

As I foretold you, were all spirits, and

Are melted into air, into thin air;

And, like the baseless fabric of this vision,

The cloud-capped towers, the gorgeous palaces,

The solemn temples, the great globe itself,

Yea, all which it inherit, shall dissolve,

And, like this insubstantial pageant faded,

Leave not a rack behind. We are such stuff

As dreams are made on; and our little life

Is rounded with a sleep.

 

In the next part of Stratford and the language of Shakespeare, I will take you on a virtual tour of Stratford upon Avon and show you some phrases from Shakespeare’s plays that have become modern English idioms.

by Barney

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All the links in this article are to the very fine website Shakespeare’s Words by David and Ben Crystal.